Abstract: This study investigates the monitoring results of major environmental elements in Henan Province from 2016 to 2020,analyzes and evaluates environmental quality and its changes,and major environmental problems in Henan Province.The results show that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,the total discharge and emission of major pollutants in the province dropped significantly,and the environmental quality registered a stable performance with good momentum for growth.Comparing with 2016,the proportion of good and moderate air quality days in 2020 increased by 6.2 percentage points.The surface water quality has changed gradually from mild pollution to good,with the proportion of sections with Grades I to III water quality continuously increased 22.7 percentage points and the proportion of Grade V water quality sections decreased 18.4 percentage points further.The quality of precipitation,radiation environment,etc.remained basically stable,and the quality of other environmental elements such as urban centralized drinking water sources,acoustic environment,ecology and rural environment all improved in varying degrees.At the same time,however,Henan still remained among the provinces with worse air pollution,with significant reduction in air quality improvement.Some rivers still remained heavily polluted or unable to sustainably reach the standards,and,nationally speaking,the proportion of sections with Grades I to III water quality was below average,thus water environment protection is still in a tough situation.Generally,problems facing Henan such as the heavy industry bias in the industrial structure,the coal bias in the energy structure,and the inadequate transportation structure have not been fundamentally changed,regional pollution is still prominent,and the improvement in environmental quality is far from a qualitative change.Continuing efforts are still needed in the thorough battle to prevent and control pollution.