Abstract: Based on the data of social and economic development,environmental quality and pollution source emission in Wuhan from 2011 to 2020,the change trend and relationship between economic indicators and environmental indicators were analyzed by using the methods of correlation analysis,rank ranking and principal component analysis.The results showed that the socio-economic development in Wuhan presented a sustained and healthy development trend.The average annual change rate of industrial wastewater,waste gas and solid waste emissions was -6.7%-1.5%,and the total discharge of major industrial pollutants decreased significantly,with an average annual change rate of -24%——16%,which was significantly negatively correlated with the main socio-economic indicators.The overall situation of environmental quality continued to improve,and the comprehensive air quality index and river pollution index decreased significantly,with an average annual change rate of -9.0% and -6.3%.The concentration of main environmental quality indicators decreased significantly,but the downward trend of COD concentration in rivers was not significant.Environmental quality improved significantly during the COVID-19,and the improvement level of ambient air was higher than surface water.The results of principal component analysis showed that the relationship between ambient air quality and socio-economic development in Wuhan presented a stage of benign promotion and continuous improvement,but the improvement trend of surface water environmental quality was relatively flat,there were fluctuations in the improvement process,and the difficulty of improvement was relatively more greater.