Abstract: Village are territorial spaces primarily functioning as residential areas for rural residents.The special production and lifestyle of rural areas,coupled with underdeveloped infrastructure construction,determine that village pollution has the characteristics of diverse sources,scattered emissions,and complex components.Compared with agricultural areas,village pollution exhibits obvious spatial heterogeneity and is often overlooked.Clarifying the characteristics and contribution of village pollution in plain areas can provide scientific basis for improving the rural ecological environment,and is of great significance for realizing rural revitalization and low-carbon development.In this study,a typical village in Yanshan County of Cangzhou City was selected as the research object.Through pollution source investigation and rainfall process monitoring,the whole process dynamic variation patterns and output effects of spatial pollutants in villages under rainfall erosion were clarified.The dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics and sources of stormwater runoff pollutants at different sampling sites in the village were analyzed and traced by UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy.The results showed that the levels of BOD₅,COD,TN,TP,NH₃-N,DO,fecal coliform,and permanganate index at the village drainage outlet all exceeded the class Ⅲ standard of national surface water,indicating that the export components of village pollution were complex.Spatially,the water quality of stormwater runoff pollution ranked from low to high as follows: roof,courtyard,hardened ground,and village entrance.Temporally,the rainfall pollution in the early period of village pollution output was the heaviest,and pollutant concentrations tended to decrease with rainfall duration.Village DOM exhibited strong characteristics of microbial sources,with the highest degree of humification in the drainage at the village entrance and the highest aromatization of the hardened ground.The main sources of pollution were domestic sewage,garbage and feces,straw and leaves,as well as the spilling and leaking of pesticides and fertilizers and agricultural machinery oil.