Abstract: As China,s air pollution control enters a deeper stage characterized by precision and science-based approaches,the air quality monitoring system urgently needs to transition from “compliance assessment” to “multi-objective synergy”. After several decades of development,the United States has established a hierarchical and categorized,functionally clear,dynamically adjusted,and collaboratively integrated air quality monitoring network system, with mature experience in long-term trend analysis,compliance determination,and health risk assessment. This paper systematically reviews the composition,design characteristics,and operational mechanisms of the U.S. air quality monitoring network,with a focus on its advanced practices in site deployment,functional classification,dynamic adjustment,and technical management. In light of the current status and development needs of China,s atmospheric environment monitoring network, recommendations are proposed, including addressing monitoring gaps,constructing a functionally graded network, promoting the openness of the technical system, and improving site optimization mechanisms,so as to provide insights for building a modernized air quality monitoring network(version 2. 0) in China.