Abstract: This paper reviews the current status and characteristics of soil ecological and environmental monitoring in China and abroad. Based on the regional differentiation law and the hierarchical scale theory in soil science,as well as the “source-sink” relationship and environmental capacity theory in environmental science,it systematically studies the objects,types,and scope of soil ecological and environmental monitoring network in China. On this basis, and drawing on the achievements of successive national soil monitoring and surveys since the Seventh Five-Year Plan period, it proposes the construction framework, design scheme,and optimization results for the national soil ecological and environmental monitoring network,aiming to provide support and services for its development in China.