| 西安市建成区大气卤代多环芳烃分布及影响因素研究 |
| Study of Distribution and Influencing Factors of Halogenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Atmosphere in the Built-up Area of Xi'an City |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-11 修订日期：2025-05-27 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2026.01.16 |
| 中文关键词: 卤代多环芳烃 浓度水平 影响因素 结构特征 新污染物 |
| 英文关键词:halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentration levels influencing factors structural characteristics emerging pollutants |
| 基金项目:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JM-091,2023-JC-YB-172);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2024RS-CXTD-48);成都大学人才引进项目(X2097) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杏艳 | 陕西省环境监测中心站, 陕西 西安 710054
陕西省环境介质痕量污染物监测预警重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054 | | | 孙清 | 成都大学建筑与土木工程学院, 四川 成都 610106 | sunqing@cdu.edu.cn | | 张鑫 | 陕西省环境监测中心站, 陕西 西安 710054
陕西省环境介质痕量污染物监测预警重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054 | | | 张霖琳 | 中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | | 窦蓓蕾 | 西安市生态环境分局西咸新区分局, 陕西 西安 712000 | | | 牛天田 | 陕西省环境监测中心站, 陕西 西安 710054
陕西省环境介质痕量污染物监测预警重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054 | | | 葛毅 | 陕西省环境监测中心站, 陕西 西安 710054
陕西省环境介质痕量污染物监测预警重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用方法分析了西安市建成区2022年9月—2023年8月大气颗粒相及气相中新污染物卤代多环芳烃(HPAHs)的浓度水平和分布特征,以及影响HPAHs浓度的主要因素。结果表明,HPAHs在西安市建成区大气中普遍存在,且以颗粒态为主,浓度概率分布整体符合对数正态分布特征。10种HPAHs的年均总浓度为504 pg/m3,主要由6-氯苯并[a]芘(6-Cl-BaP)和9-氯菲(9-Cl-Phe)的浓度决定。HPAHs浓度按季节从高到低排序为冬季、秋季、春季、夏季。冬季浓度最高主要是由于西安冬季雾霾频发,大气中的颗粒相浓度高,进而导致吸附在颗粒相表面的HPAHs浓度也较高。此外,氯代多环芳烃的浓度高于溴代多环芳烃;三环HPAHs的浓度占比高于四环、五环HPAHs,反映出环数越低的HPAHs在西安市建成区大气中浓度越高的分布特征;一取代HPAHs的浓度高于二取代HPAHs,主要是因为单取代化合物比二取代化合物更稳定。正交矩阵因子分析(PMF模型)结果显示,西安市建成区大气HPAHs主要来自燃烧源、工业源、机动车排放源,三者的贡献率分别为39.9%、39.4%、20.7%。因此,通过控制工业排放、优化交通管理、提高能源效率等措施,可有效降低西安市建成区大气HPAHs浓度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used to analyze the concentration levels and distribution characteristics of halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAHs) in atmospheric particulate and gas phases in the built-up area of Xi'an from September 2022 to August 2023,and the main factors affecting HPAHs emissions.The results showed that HPAHs existed widely in the atmosphere of the built-up area of Xi'an,mainly in the particulate form,with concentration probability distributions conforming to log-normal characteristics.The annual average total concentration of 10 HPAHs was 504 pg/m3,mainly determined by the concentrations of 6-Cl-BaP and 9-Cl-Phe.Overall,the concentrations of HPAHs ranked from high to low as winter,autumn,spring,and summer.The highest concentrations in winter were mainly attributed to frequent occurrence of haze in Xi'an during season,which lead to elevated atmospheric particulate matter concentrations and consequently higher levels of HPAHs adsorbed on the surface of particulate matter.Furthermore,the concentrations of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were higher than that those of brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.The proportion of HPAHs in the third ring was higher than that in the fourth and fifth rings,relecting a distribution pattern where lower ring HPAHs exhibited higher concentrations in the atmosphere of the built-up area of Xi'an.The concentrations of mono-substituted HPAHs were higher than those of di-substituted HPAHs,mainly due to mono-substituted compounds are more stable than di-substituted compounds.The positive matrix factorization indicated that the main sources of atmospheric HPAHs in the built-up area of Xi'an were combustion sources,industrial sources,and motor vehicle emission sources,with contribution rates of 39.9%,39.4%,and 20.7%,respectively.Therefore,measures such as controlling industrial emissions,optimizing traffic management,and improving energy efficiency can effectively reduce the concentration of atmospheric HPAHs in the built-up area of Xi'an. |
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