| 合肥市不同功能区大气醛酮化合物特征和来源解析 |
| Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Carbonyls in Different Functional Areas of Hefei City |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-29 修订日期：2025-03-03 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2026.01.19 |
| 中文关键词: 醛酮化合物 光化学反应活性 健康风险 来源分析 |
| 英文关键词:carbonyls photochemical reactivity health risk assessment source apportionment |
| 基金项目:大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG202116);安徽省重点研发计划(202304a05020010);安徽省科技重大专项(202203a07020004) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于2023年夏季(6—8月)挥发性有机物在线监测数据和空气质量常规监测数据,系统分析合肥市城市综合区(包河区点位)和工业源区(庐阳区点位)大气中醛酮化合物的浓度特征、光化学反应活性、健康风险以及污染来源特征。结果显示:工业源区醛酮化合物平均浓度为9.32×10-9,比城市综合区高9.8%。两个功能区的甲醛浓度日变化均呈现单峰形特征;乙醛、丙醛和丙酮浓度日变化均呈双峰形,均在07:00—09:00达到第一个峰值,在19:00—20:00再次达到峰值。城市综合区受机动车排放影响显著,其甲醛的浓度、羟基自由基消耗速率、臭氧生成贡献以及致癌风险均高于工业源区,而工业源区乙醛、丙醛和丙酮等物种的浓度、光化学反应活性较为突出。城市综合区甲醛和乙醛浓度比值(C1/C2)、乙醛和丙醛浓度比值(C2/C3)分别为10.98、0.76,比工业源区分别高91.6%、8.6%,说明两个功能区受人为活动影响较大,醛酮化合物的一次来源分别以机动车排放和工业排放为主。城市综合区主要醛酮化合物的来源以二次生成为主,贡献率超过27%,一次源的贡献次之;一次源和二次生成对工业源区的贡献相当,均占总污染贡献的约25%。甲醛、乙醛和丙醛的二次转化生成前体物主要是烯烃,其贡献占比为42.6%~85.8%;丙酮的二次转化生成前体物仅为烷烃。城市综合区大气中的烯烃以及工业源区大气中的烷烃、芳香烃和含氧挥发性有机物的醛酮化合物生成产率较高。因此,对移动源和工业源等人为源的烯烃和烷烃排放进行科学管控,有利于阻抑大气中醛酮化合物的二次生成。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on online monitoring data of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and routine air quality monitoring data from June to August 2023,this study systematically analyzed the concentration characteristics,photochemical reactivity,health risks,and pollution source characteristics of atmospheric carbonyls in two functional areas of Hefei City: the urban comprehensive zone (observational site in Baohe District) and the industrial source zone (observational site in Luyang District).The results showed that the average concentration of carbonyls was 9.32×10-9 in the industrial source zone,which was 9.8% higher than that in the urban comprehensive zone.The diurnal variations of formaldehyde concentrations in both functional areas showed a single-peak pattern,while acetaldehyde,propionaldehyde and acetone showed double-peak patterns,with the first peak appeared from 07:00 to 09:00,and the second peak appeared from 19:00 to 20:00.The urban comprehensive zone was significantly affected by motor vehicle emissions,with formaldehyde concentrations,hydroxyl radicals consumption rates,contributions to ozone generation,and carcinogenic risks all higher than those in the industrial source zone.In contrast,the concentration of species such as acetaldehyde,acetaldehyde,and acetone,as well as photochemical reaction activity,were more prominent in the industrial source zone.The concentration ratios of formaldehyde to acetaldehyde (C1/C2) and acetaldehyde to propionaldehyde (C2/C3) in the urban comprehensive zone were 10.98 and 0.76,respectively,which were 91.6% and 8.6% higher than those in the industrial source zone.This indicated that two functional areas were significantly affected by human activities,with vehicle emissions and industrial emissions being the primary sources of carbonyls in the urban comprehensive area and industrial source area,respectively.In the urban comprehensive area,secondary formation was the dominant source of major carbonyls,contributing over 27%,followed by primary sources.In the industrial source area,primary sources and secondary generation contributed equally,each accounting for approximately 25% of the total pollution.The secondary transformation of formaldehyde,acetaldehyde,and propionaldehyde was primarily derived from olefins,with contribution rates ranging from 42.6% to 85.8%,while the secondary transformation of acetone was solely derived from alkanes.The urban comprehensive zone exhibited higher formation yields of olefins,while the industrial source area showed higher yields of alkanes,aromatic hydrocarbons,and oxygenated volatile organic compounds.Therefore,scientifically and reasonably controlling emissions of olefins and alkanes from motor vehicles and industrial emissions will help mitigate the secondary formation of carbonyls. |
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