协同处置废弃物水泥企业周边土壤中多环芳烃来源及风险分析

作者	单位	E-mail
张洪硕	北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司, 材料循环低碳再生全国重点实验室, 北京 100041
韩晓宁	北京建筑材料检验研究院股份有限公司, 北京 100041
黄岚	北京金隅琉水环保科技有限公司, 北京 102403
王义春	北京金隅北水环保科技有限公司, 北京 102202
杜孟威	北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司, 材料循环低碳再生全国重点实验室, 北京 100041
梁淼	北京建筑材料检验研究院股份有限公司, 北京 100041
历新燕	唐山冀东水泥股份有限公司, 北京 100029
李寅明	北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司, 材料循环低碳再生全国重点实验室, 北京 100041	liyinming1986@163.com

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中文摘要:

水泥窑在协同处置废弃物的过程中,会向周围环境排放有机污染物,其中多环芳烃(PAHs)排放备受关注。水泥窑排放的PAHs通过沉降作用进入土壤后,会与土壤中的有机质形成较强的作用关系,导致其难以降解,并通过生物链进入生态系统,从而对整个生态系统造成危害。本研究以运行时间较长、处理工艺完善且典型的协同处置废弃物水泥企业为研究对象,对两家企业(BS和LS)周边土壤中PAHs的来源和风险进行分析评价。基于AERMOD模型,建立窑尾烟气颗粒物扩散距离与浓度分布模型,依据模拟结果在两家企业周边分别采集73个和63个土壤样品,运用浓度统计、变异系数分析、相关系数分析、不同环数PAHs相对丰度分析、特征比值分析和主成分分析等方法对PAHs来源进行分析,利用居民终生癌症风险(ILCRs)模型对居民健康风险进行评价。结果表明,两家企业周边土壤中16种PAHs的总浓度分别为15.28~1 173.87 μg/kg和12.95~1 390.79 μg/kg,各PAHs物种的最大浓度均低于相关标准中的最严筛选值,表明两家企业周边土壤中PAHs的环境风险可以忽略不计。综合变异系数、相关系数等源解析结果可知,两家企业周边土壤中PAHs的主要来源均为石油燃料的燃烧和煤的燃烧。企业BS和LS周边土壤PAHs高浓度区域分别分布在其西南方向2~6 km和南偏西方向1~3 km。根据ILCRs模型计算结果,研究区PAHs的ILCRs值在10^-11~10^-8范围内,表明样品中的PAHs对两家企业周边居民没有潜在的致癌风险,但仍建议对该地区的PAHs污染进行持续观测。

英文摘要:

During the co-processing of waste by cement kiln,organic pollutants,notably Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs),are released into the surrounding environment.Once PAHs settle into the soil,they form strong interactions with soil organic matter,making them resistant to degradation and allowing them to enter the ecosystem through the biological chain,posing a threat to the entire ecological system.In this study,two enterprises (BS and LS) conducting co-processing of wastes with extensive operational histories,well-established treatment processes,and representative technical methodologies were selected as the subjects of investigation.The sources and risks of PAHs in the soil surrounding the two enterprises were analyzed and assessed.Based on the AERMOD model,a dispersion model was developed to simulate the particle diffusion distance and concentration distribution for kiln flue gas .A total of 73 and 63 soil samples were collected respectively around the two enterprises based on the simulation results.The sources of PAHs were analyzed using concentration statistics,coefficient of variation analysis,correlation coefficient analysis,relative abundance of PAHs with different ring numbers,characteristic ratio analysis,and principal component analysis.The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCRs) model was employed to evaluate health risks to local residents.The results reveal that the total concentrations range of 16 kinds of PAHs in the soils surrounding the two enterprises were 15.28-1173.87 μg/kg and 12.95-1390.79 μg/kg,respectively.The maximum concentrations of the corresponding PAHs were found to be below the strictest screening values established by relevant standards,indicating that the PAHs risks in the soils surrounding both enterprises can be considered negligible.Based on comprehensive source apportionment results,including coefficient of variation and correlation coefficient analysis,etc.,the primary sources of PAHs in the soils surrounding the two enterprises were identified as the combustion of petroleum fuels and coal.The areas with high concentrations of PAHs in soils were located 2-6 km to the southwest of enterprises BS and 1-3 km to the south-southwest of enterprises LS.According to the ILCRs model calculations,the values ranged from 10^-11 to 10^-8,suggesting that the PAHs in soils of this study generally pose no potential carcinogenic risk to the residents in vicinity of the two enterprises.Nonetheless,it is advisable to maintain ongoing monitoring of the PAHs pollution in this region.

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