| 中国东部舟山海岛大气降水化学特征及来源分析 |
| Chemical Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Precipitation in the Zhoushan Islands in Eastern China |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-08 修订日期：2025-11-03 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2026.02.16 |
| 中文关键词: 大气降水 化学组成 季节变化 来源分析 舟山海岛 |
| 英文关键词:atmospheric precipitation chemical composition seasonal variation source apportionment Zhoushan Islands |
| 基金项目:浙江省自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(LZJMZ25D050003);中国气象局大气化学重点开放实验室开放课题(2024B08) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 降水化学组成是反映大气污染状况的重要指标,我国作为海洋大国,调查海洋降水化学组成对我国的海洋环境保护及生态文明建设具有非常重要的科学意义。为揭示我国东部近海海域大气降水化学组成及其来源,2021年利用ZJX-IX全性能降水化学自动监测系统对位于我国东部近海海域舟山海岛的大气降水pH、电导率及无机化学组分进行了为期一年的在线观测,评估了降水酸化程度,分析了降水化学组成特征,综合气团后向轨迹、PMF源解析等手段揭示了舟山海岛降水化学组分的主要来源。结果表明:2021年观测期间,酸雨发生频率为85%,其中弱酸雨事件占81%,说明舟山的酸雨发生频率较高,但酸化程度相对较轻,以弱酸雨为主;研究期间,舟山大气降水中总阴阳离子的雨量加权平均浓度为183.4 μmol/L,其中Cl-和Na+分别是最主要的阴离子和最主要的阳离子。Cl-的雨量加权平均浓度为59.3 μmol/L,平均占总阴离子浓度的64%;Na+雨量加权平均浓度为48.1 μmol/L,平均占总阳离子浓度的53%;二者之和占总离子的59%。舟山大气降水中的化学组分主要受海洋源的影响,2021年研究期间海洋源对舟山降水化学组分的贡献平均为54%,扬尘及生物质燃烧源等对舟山降水化学组分的贡献较小。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The chemical composition of precipitation serves as a crucial indicator of air pollution.As a major maritime nation,investigating the chemical composition of marine precipitation holds significant scientific importance for China's marine environmental protection and ecological civilization construction.To reveal the chemical composition and sources of atmospheric precipitation in the offshore areas of eastern China,a one-year online monitoring campaign was conducted in 2021 using the ZJX-IX all-performance automatic wet deposition monitoring system to measure pH,electrical conductivity,and major inorganic ions in precipitation in the Zhoushan Islands,located in the eastern coastal region of China.The degree of precipitation acidification was assessed,the characteristics of precipitation chemical composition were analyzed,and the main sources of chemical components in Zhoushan's precipitation were identified by integrating methods such as backward air mass trajectories and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF).The results showed that during the observation period in 2021,the frequency of acid rain occurrence was 85%,with weak acid rain events accounting for 81%,indicating a high frequency of acid rain in Zhoushan,but the degree of acidification is relatively mild,dominated by weak acid rain.The volume-weighted mean (VWM) concentration of total anions and cations was 183.4 μmol/L,with Cl- and Na+ being the dominant anion and cation,respectively.The VWM concentrations of Cl- and Na+ were 59.3 and 48.1μmol/L,representing 63% of total anions and 53% of total cations,respectively.The sum of Cl- and Na+ accounted for approximately 59% of total ion content.Source analysis revealed that the chemical components in Zhoushan's atmospheric precipitation are primarily influenced by marine sources.In 2021,the average contribution of marine sources to the precipitation chemical components was 54%,while contributions from sources such as dust and biomass burning were relatively minor. |
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