| 四川省地下水及地表水中高氯酸盐分布特征与生态风险评估 |
| Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Perchlorate in Groundwater and Surface Water in Sichuan Province |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-27 修订日期：2025-07-04 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2026.02.23 |
| 中文关键词: 高氯酸盐 地下水 饮用水源地 生态风险 人体暴露 |
| 英文关键词:perchlorate groundwater drinking water source ecological risk human exposure risk |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 高氯酸盐作为一种新型无机污染物,近年来引起了广泛关注。饮用水是人类接触高氯酸盐的来源之一,摄入高氯酸盐会影响甲状腺对碘的吸收,从而干扰甲状腺激素的合成。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法分析了四川省"十四五"期间73个国控地下水环境质量区域监测点位样品及33个地表水型地级城市饮用水源地样品中高氯酸盐的浓度,了解其空间分布特征与污染状况,评估其生态风险和人体暴露风险。结果表明:高氯酸盐在四川省地下水中的检出率为90.3%,质量浓度为0.03~60.6 μg/L,且在各区域的污染水平相当;高氯酸盐在四川省地表水型饮用水源地中检出率为100%,质量浓度为0.186~13.7 μg/L,成都平原经济区和川东北经济区的浓度显著高于攀西经济区;四川省地表水型饮用水源地高氯酸盐生态风险较低,居民通过饮用地下水或地表水型饮用水源水暴露于高氯酸盐的风险较低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As an emerging inorganic pollutant,perchlorate has attracted widespread attention in recent years.Drinking water is one of the sources of human exposure to perchlorate,and its ingestion can interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis by inhibiting iodine uptake.In this study,high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was employed to analyze perchlorate concentrations in 73 national groundwater environmental quality monitoring points and 33 surface water drinking source samples from prefecture-level cities in Sichuan Province during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.The spatial distribution characteristics and pollution status of perchlorate were investigated,and its ecological and human exposure risks were assessed.The results showed that perchlorate was detected in 90.3% of the groundwater samples,with concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 60.6 μg/L,and the contamination levels were comparable in all regions.In surface water drinking sources,perchlorate was detected in 100% of the samples,with concentrations ranging from 0.186 to 13.7 μg/L,and the concentrations in the Chengdu Plain and the Northeastern Sichuan Economic Zone were significantly higher than those in the Panxi Economic Zone.The ecological risk of perchlorate in surface water drinking sources in Sichuan Province was relatively low,and the risk of residents being exposed to perchlorate through drinking groundwater or surface water sources was also low. |
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