| 广东省大气NH3的时空分布及NH3-NH4+气溶胶相间分配特征 |
| Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Atmospheric NH3 and Partition of NH3-NH4+ Between Gas and Aerosol Phases in Guangdong Province |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-12 修订日期：2025-12-10 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2026.02.24 |
| 中文关键词: 广东省 氨 铵 气溶胶 ISORROPIA Ⅱ模型 酸性 敏感性 |
| 英文关键词:Guangdong Province ammonia ammonium aerosol ISORROPIAⅡ model acidity sensitivity |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究氨(NH3)的时空分布及NH3-NH4+气溶胶相间分配特征,有利于深入理解无机气溶胶的形成与控制因素。基于2023年广东省大气监测网数据开展了大气NH3污染特征研究,分析了广东省大气中NH3浓度时空分布特征,以及典型站点(珠三角中山市的紫马岭站点和粤北清远市的技师学院站点)NH3浓度差异、NH3与NH4+相关性、气溶胶酸性及气溶胶对其前体物浓度变化的敏感性。结果表明,广东省各区域之间NH3浓度存在差异,粤西>粤北>珠三角>粤东,其中,珠三角区域NH3显著高于NH4+,表明酸性物质不足,说明SO2与NOx的减排有一定成效。广东省NH3浓度夏季最低,冬季最高,广东省冬季湿度适宜NH3生成,且降水较少,因此冬季NH3平均浓度较高。NH3月均浓度在3、12月出现峰值,6、9月出现谷值,一定程度上反映出农业活动与季节气候的影响,需适时加强农业源的科学管控。NH3浓度昼夜变化特征呈白天单峰型,峰值出现在中午至下午时段,与白天高温对NH3挥发的影响有关。对紫马岭站点与技师学院站点的分析结果表明,2个站点地表大气中NH3和NH4+的相间分配状态以气态NH3为主,属于富氨环境。利用ISORROPIAⅡ模型分析气溶胶酸性可知,2个站点气溶胶pH均呈偏酸性。通过分析气溶胶对其前体物浓度变化的敏感性可知,气溶胶中NH4+对总H2SO4、总HNO3的变化较敏感,说明减少大气中的总H2SO4和总HNO3有利于降低气溶胶浓度。因此,SO2与NOx减排是高效降低含NH4+细颗粒物污染的关键。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Research on the spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) and the partition of NH3-NH4+ between gas and aerosol phases is beneficial for a deeper understanding of the formation and control factors of inorganic aerosols.Based on the data from the atmospheric monitoring network in 2023,the study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of NH3 concentration in Guangdong Province.According to the data quality and regional differences,detailed analyses were conducted for two typical sites (Zimaling air quality monitoring station in Zhongshan City,Pearl River Delta,and the Technician College air quality monitoring station in Qingyuan City,northern Guangdong Province),focusing on NH3 concentration differences,correlation between NH3 and NH4+,aerosol acidity,and sensitivity to precursor concentration changes.The results showed that there are regional differences in NH3 concentrations across Guangdong Province,with levels ranking as follows:western Guangdong > northern Guangdong > Pearl River Delta > eastern Guangdong).And in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region,NH3 concentrations were significantly higher than NH4+,indicating a deficiency of acidic substances,which reflects the effectiveness of SO2 and NOx mitigation measures.Seasonal variations revealed that NH3 concentrations were lowest in summer and highest in winter.The suitable humidity and lower precipitation in winter in Guangdong are conducive to NH3 generation,leading to higher average winter concentrations.Monthly average NH3 concentrations peaked in March and December and reached troughs in June and September,reflecting the dual influence of agricultural activities and seasonal climatic conditions.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the control of agricultural sources in a timely and scientific manner.The diurnal variation of NH3 concentration exhibited a single daytime peak pattern (noon to afternoon),indicating enhanced NH3 volatilization under high daytime temperatures.Analysis of the Zimaling site and the Technician College site showed that the phase partitioning state of NH3 and NH3-NH+ 4 in the surface atmosphere at both sites was dominated by gaseous NH3,characterizing an ammonia-rich environment.Analysis using the ISORROPIA II model revealed that aerosols at both sites were acidic.Sensitivity analysis of aerosol responses to precursor concentration variations demonstrated that NH4+ in aerosols was relatively sensitive to changes in total H2SO4 and total HNO3,implying that reducing atmospheric H2SO4 and HNO3 could effectively suppress aerosol generation.Therefore,SO2 and NOx emission reduction is the key to effectively reduce the pollution of fine particles with NH4+. |
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